Campaigning in Iowa yesterday, Senator Barack Obama called for new restrictions on National Guard and Reserve deployments. By requiring “a period of rest and standard of readiness” before a troop redeploys, Mr. Obama says…
“I will not be a president who extends tours for our Guard units overseas while Americans are stranded on rooftops right here at home.”
(apples and oranges, Mr. Obama)
Obama also called for the head of the National Guard to be elevated to four-star rank and given a seat among the Joint Chiefs of Staff to reflect the heavy reliance on Guard soldiers and reservists during the Iraq war.
This kind of thinking demonstrates a fundamental lack of understanding of the organization of our military.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) are advisors to the President, Secretary of Defense (who comprise the National Command Authority) and the National Security Council (the VP and Secretary of State). They also provide strategic direction to the Armed Forces. The Chiefs’ are responsible for developing joint doctrine, assigning logistic responsibilities to the different services, formulating joint training policy and coordinating military education.
The JCS are comprised of the Chairman, Vice Chairman and the Chief’s of Staff of the USA, USAF, USN and Commandant of the USMC. They are essentially the military heads of their respective services, but are advisors only, and not in the actual chain of command. Also, one should note that the National Guard is not a separate service and the Guardsman is already represented by the Chief of Staff (as is the Reservist).
Now, the National Guard and the Reserve Component of the U.S. Armed Forces are two different entities, why would you only elevate the Chief of the National Guard Bureau? After all, the Guard and Reserve have different missions. The Guard actually has two, a federal mission and a state mission. When mobilized, and under federal control, the Guardsman supports the active duty mission under the direction of the President; when not mobilized, the Guardsman reports to the governor of his or her respective state or territory, and is responsible for the protection of life and property, and preserves peace, order and public safety within their state. The Reserve, on the other hand, directly supports the mission of a specific service. The reservist falls within the chain of command of its service, ultimately responsible to the Chief of Staff.
The Chief of the National Guard Bureau is a 3-star and is stationed at the Pentagon. Like the JCS, he is appointed by the President, but serves as the principal adviser to the Secretary and Chief of Staff of the Army, and the Secretary and Chief of Staff of the Air Force on all National Guard issues. He also serves as Army’s and Air Force’s official channel of communication with the Governors and Adjutants General of the various states and territories.
This is the problem with politicians who haven’t served. Their ignorance of the military, its structure, and its mission, history and culture is evident in remarks such as those made by Obama. If you want to reduce the length of deployments for our troops, then fight to win this war in Iraq and stop playing political games with our lives.